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Introduction to Oracle 21C SQL
Duration: 5 days / 40 hours
Delivery Method: Classroom-based, Virtual Instructor Led Training
COURSE CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION
· Lesson Agenda
o Oracle Database 12c: Focus Areas
o Oracle Database 12c
o Oracle Fusion Middleware
o Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control
o Oracle Cloud
o Oracle Cloud Services
o Cloud Deployment Models
· Lesson Agenda
o Relational and Object Relational Database Management Systems
o Data Storage on Different Media
o Relational Database Concept
o Definition of a Relational Database
o Data Models
o Entity Relationship Model
o Entity Relationship Modeling Conventions
o Relating Multiple Tables
o Relational Database Terminology
· Lesson Agenda
o Using SQL to Query Your Database
o SQL Statements Used in the Course
o Development Environments for SQL
· Lesson Agenda
o Human Resources (HR) Schema
o Tables Used in the Course
· Lesson Agenda
o Oracle Database Documentation
2. RETRIEVING DATA USING THE SQL SELECT STATEMENT
· Lesson Agenda
o Capabilities of SQL SELECT Statements
o Basic SELECT Statement
o Selecting All Columns
o Selecting Specific Columns
o Writing SQL Statements
o Column Heading Defaults
· Lesson Agenda
o Arithmetic Expressions
o Using Arithmetic Operators
o Operator Precedence
o Defining a Null Value
o Null Values in Arithmetic Expressions
· Lesson Agenda
o Defining a Column Alias
o Using Column Aliases
· Lesson Agenda
o Concatenation Operator
o Literal Character Strings
o Using Literal Character Strings
o Alternative Quote (q) Operator
o Duplicate Rows
· Lesson Agenda
o Displaying the Table Structure
o Using the DESCRIBE Command
3. RESTRICTING AND SORTING DATA
· Lesson Agenda
o Limiting Rows Using a Selection
o Limiting the Rows That Are Selected
o Using the WHERE Clause
o Character Strings and Dates
o Comparison Operators
o Using Comparison Operators
o Range Conditions Using the BETWEEN Operator
o Membership Condition Using the IN Operator
o Pattern Matching Using the LIKE Operator
o Combining Wildcard Characters
o Using the NULL Conditions
o Defining Conditions Using the Logical Operators
o Using the AND Operator
o Using the OR Operator
o Using the NOT Operator
· Lesson Agenda
o Rules of Precedence
· Lesson Agenda
o Using the ORDER BY Clause
o Sorting
· Lesson Agenda
o SQL Row Limiting Clause
o Using SQL Row Limiting Clause in a Query
o SQL Row Limiting Clause Example
· Lesson Agenda
o Substitution Variables
o Using the Single-Ampersand Substitution Variable
o Character and Date Values with Substitution Variables
o Specifying Column Names, Expressions, and Text
o Using the Double-Ampersand Substitution Variable
· Lesson Agenda
o Using the DEFINE Command
o Using the VERIFY Command
4. USING SINGLE-ROW FUNCTIONS TO CUSTOMIZE OUTPUT
· Lesson Agenda
o SQL Functions
o Two Types of SQL Functions
o Single-Row Functions
· Lesson Agenda
o Character Functions
o Case-Conversion Functions
o Using Case-Conversion Functions
o Character-Manipulation Functions
o Using the Character-Manipulation Functions
· Lesson Agenda
o Nesting Functions
o Nesting Functions: Example
· Lesson Agenda
o Numeric Functions
o Using the ROUND Function
o Using the TRUNC Function
o Using the MOD Function
· Lesson Agenda
o Working with Dates
o RR Date Format
o Using the SYSDATE Function
o Arithmetic with Dates
o Using Arithmetic Operators with Dates
· Lesson Agenda
o Date-Manipulation Functions
o Using Date Functions
o Using ROUND and TRUNC Functions with Dates
5. USING CONVERSION FUNCTIONS AND CONDITIONAL EXPRESSIONS
· Lesson Agenda
o Conversion Functions
o Implicit Data Type Conversion
o Explicit Data Type Conversion
· Lesson Agenda
o Using the TO_CHAR Function with Dates
o Elements of the Date Format Model
o Using the TO_CHAR Function with Dates
o Using the TO_CHAR Function with Numbers
o Using the TO_NUMBER and TO_DATE Functions
o Using TO_CHAR and TO_DATE Functions with the RR Date Format
· Lesson Agenda
o General Functions
o NVL Function
o Using the NVL Function
o Using the NVL2 Function
o Using the NULLIF Function
o Using the COALESCE Function
· Lesson Agenda
o Conditional Expressions
o CASE Expression
o Using the CASE Expression
o DECODE Function
o Using the DECODE Function
6. REPORTING AGGREGATED DATA USING THE GROUP FUNCTIONS
· Lesson Agenda
o What Are Group Functions?
o Types of Group Functions
o Group Functions: Syntax
o Using the AVG and SUM Functions
o Using the MIN and MAX Functions
o Using the COUNT Function
o Using the DISTINCT Keyword
o Group Functions and Null Values
· Lesson Agenda
o Creating Groups of Data
o Creating Groups of Data: GROUP BY Clause Syntax
o Using the GROUP BY Clause
o Grouping by More Than One Column
o Using the GROUP BY Clause on Multiple Columns
o Illegal Queries Using Group Functions
o Restricting Group Results
o Restricting Group Results with the HAVING Clause
o Using the HAVING Clause
· Lesson Agenda
o Nesting Group Functions
7. DISPLAYING DATA FROM MULTIPLE TABLES USING JOINS
· Lesson Agenda
o Obtaining Data from Multiple Tables
o Types of Joins
o Joining Tables Using SQL:1999 Syntax
o Qualifying Ambiguous Column Names
· Lesson Agenda
o Creating Natural Joins
o Retrieving Records with Natural Joins
o Creating Joins with the USING Clause
o Joining Column Names
o Retrieving Records with the USING Clause
o Using Table Aliases with the USING Clause
o Creating Joins with the ON Clause
o Retrieving Records with the ON Clause
o Creating Three-Way Joins with the ON Clause
o Applying Additional Conditions to a Join
· Lesson Agenda
o Joining a Table to Itself
o Self-Joins Using the ON Clause
· Lesson Agenda
o Nonequijoins
o Retrieving Records with Nonequijoins
· Lesson Agenda
o Returning Records with No Direct Match Using OUTER Joins
o INNER Versus OUTER Joins
o LEFT OUTER JOIN
o RIGHT OUTER JOIN
o FULL OUTER JOIN
· Lesson Agenda
o Cartesian Products
o Generating a Cartesian Product
o Creating Cross Joins
8. USING SUBQUERIES TO SOLVE QUERIES
· Lesson Agenda
o Using a Subquery to Solve a Problem
o Subquery Syntax
o Using a Subquery
o Rules for Using Subqueries
o Types of Subqueries
· Lesson Agenda
o Single-Row Subqueries
o Executing Single-Row Subqueries
o Using Group Functions in a Subquery
o HAVING Clause with Subqueries
o What Is Wrong with This Statement?
o No Rows Returned by the Inner Query
· Lesson Agenda
o Multiple-Row Subqueries
o Using the ANY Operator in Multiple-Row Subqueries
o Using the ALL Operator in Multiple-Row Subqueries
o Using the EXISTS Operator
· Lesson Agenda
o Null Values in a Subquery
9. USING THE SET OPERATORS
· Lesson Agenda
o Set Operators
o Set Operator Rules
o Oracle Server and Set Operators
· Lesson Agenda
o Tables Used in This Lesson
· Lesson Agenda
o UNION Operator
o Using the UNION Operator
o UNION ALL Operator
o Using the UNION ALL Operator
· Lesson Agenda
o INTERSECT Operator
o Using the INTERSECT Operator
· Lesson Agenda
o MINUS Operator
o Using the MINUS Operator
· Lesson Agenda
o Matching the SELECT Statements
o Matching the SELECT Statement: Example
· Lesson Agenda
o Using the ORDER BY Clause in Set Operations
10. MANAGING TABLES USING DML STATEMENTS
· Lesson Agenda
o Data Manipulation Language
o Adding a New Row to a Table
o INSERT Statement Syntax
o Inserting New Rows
o Inserting Rows with Null Values
o Inserting Special Values
o Inserting Specific Date and Time Values
o Creating a Script
o Copying Rows from Another Table
· Lesson Agenda
o Changing Data in a Table
o UPDATE Statement Syntax
o Updating Rows in a Table
o Updating Two Columns with a Subquery
o Updating Rows Based on Another Table
· Lesson Agenda
o Removing a Row from a Table
o DELETE Statement
o Deleting Rows from a Table
o Deleting Rows Based on Another Table
o TRUNCATE Statement
· Lesson Agenda
o Database Transactions
o Database Transactions: Start and End
o Advantages of COMMIT and ROLLBACK Statements
o Explicit Transaction Control Statements
o Rolling Back Changes to a Marker
o Implicit Transaction Processing
o State of the Data Before COMMIT or ROLLBACK
o State of the Data After COMMIT
o Committing Data
o State of the Data After ROLLBACK
o State of the Data After ROLLBACK: Example
o Statement-Level Rollback
· Lesson Agenda
o Read Consistency
o Implementing Read Consistency
· Lesson Agenda
o FOR UPDATE Clause in a SELECT Statement
o FOR UPDATE Clause: Examples
11. INTRODUCTION TO DATA DEFINITION LANGUAGE
· Lesson Agenda
o Database Objects
o Naming Rules
· Lesson Agenda
o Data Types
o Datetime Data Types
o DEFAULT Option
· Lesson Agenda
o CREATE TABLE Statement
o Creating Tables
· Lesson Agenda
o Including Constraints
o Constraint Guidelines
o Defining Constraints
o NOT NULL Constraint
o UNIQUE Constraint
o PRIMARY KEY Constraint
o FOREIGN KEY Constraint
o FOREIGN KEY Constraint: Keywords
o CHECK Constraint
o CREATE TABLE: Example
o Violating Constraints
· Lesson Agenda
o Creating a Table Using a Subquery
· Lesson Agenda
o ALTER TABLE Statement
o Adding a Column
o Modifying a Column
o Dropping a Column
o SET UNUSED Option
o Read-Only Tables
· Lesson Agenda
o Dropping a Table
A. Table Descriptions
B. Using SQL Developer
o What Is Oracle SQL Developer?
o Specifications of SQL Developer
o SQL Developer 3.2 Interface
o Creating a Database Connection
o Browsing Database Objects
o Displaying the Table Structure
o Browsing Files
o Creating a Schema Object
o Creating a New Table: Example
o Using the SQL Worksheet
o Executing SQL Statements
o Saving SQL Scripts
o Executing Saved Script Files: Method 1
o Executing Saved Script Files: Method 2
o Formatting the SQL Code
o Using Snippets
o Using Snippets: Example
o Using Recycle Bin
o Debugging Procedures and Functions
o Database Reporting
o Creating a User-Defined Report
o Search Engines and External Tools
o Setting Preferences
o Resetting the SQL Developer Layout
o Data Modeler in SQL Developer
C. Using SQL*Plus
o SQL and SQL*Plus Interaction
o SQL Statements Versus SQL*Plus Commands
o Overview of SQL*Plus
o Logging In to SQL*Plus
o Displaying the Table Structure
o SQL*Plus Editing Commands
o Using LIST, n, and APPEND
o Using the CHANGE Command
o SQL*Plus File Commands
o Using the SAVE, START Commands
o SERVEROUTPUT Command
o Using the SQL*Plus SPOOL Command
o Using the AUTOTRACE Command
D. Commonly Used SQL Commands
o Basic SELECT Statement
o SELECT Statement
o WHERE Clause
o ORDER BY Clause
o GROUP BY Clause
o Data Definition Language
o CREATE TABLE Statement
o ALTER TABLE Statement
o DROP TABLE Statement
o GRANT Statement
o Privilege Types
o REVOKE Statement
o TRUNCATE TABLE Statement
o Data Manipulation Language
o INSERT Statement
o UPDATE Statement Syntax
o DELETE Statement
o Transaction Control Statements
o COMMIT Statement
o ROLLBACK Statement
o SAVEPOINT Statement
o Joins
o Types of Joins
o Qualifying Ambiguous Column Names
o Natural Join
o Equijoins
o Retrieving Records with Equijoins
o Additional Search Conditions Using the AND and WHERE Operators
o Retrieving Records with Nonequijoins
o Retrieving Records by Using the USING Clause
o Retrieving Records by Using the ON Clause
o Left Outer Join
o Right Outer Join
o Full Outer Join
o Self-Join: Example
o Cross Join
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